On the packaging of the hottest export commodities

On export commodity packaging (Part 1)

first, the functions of export commodity packaging

the functions of export commodity packaging are many, which can be roughly summarized in the following three aspects:

(I) protection function

protection function is the most basic function of export commodity packaging. In order to ensure that the quality and quantity of export commodities will not be damaged or deteriorated in the process of transportation, storage and sale to foreign markets, we should pay attention to the following eight points:

1. According to the shape, characteristics, transportation environment, sales environment and other factors of export commodities, appropriate packaging materials should be used, and reasonable packaging structure should be designed to protect export commodities. For example, in the past, the inner packaging design of silk clothing was poor, the packing space was too large, the seal was not firmly bonded, the lid often sank, and the packing belt was easy to fall off. After export, the clothing was seriously stolen due to poor packaging, resulting in claims. Then the original stacked box was changed into a flat box, sealed with plastic tape and box sealing nails, and finally sealed with a seal. In this way, the anti-theft ability was greatly increased, and foreign businessmen were very satisfied with the new packaging

2. In the packaging design, we should not only consider the physical and chemical forces generated by the packaging machinery on the packaging materials, such as impact, tension, torsion, pressure, and select the packaging materials that can bear these external forces to protect the contents, but also consider the damage caused to the contents due to shaking, sudden braking, bumping, falling and other reasons in the process of commodity circulation, so as to take appropriate measures to strengthen the strength of the packaging

3. storage stacking will make the containers and contents under the stack bear a lot of weight. In order to prevent damage to the packaging containers or inner packaging, the pressure resistance of the packaging structure should be considered

4. One of the functions of packaging is to contain goods. Gaseous, liquid, powdered and scattered items cannot be transported and sold without packaging. Therefore, the emission of CO2 and SO2 can be reduced by more than 64 million tons in China. The packaging materials should be resistant to the chemical corrosion of the contents. For example, some descaling agents of shampoo may cause environmental stress cracking of polyethylene bottles or delamination of composite membranes, and isopropyl myristate contained in some cosmetics may soften polystyrene, etc. In addition, external chemical and dust pollution should also be considered. Sometimes, it not only pollutes the commodity itself, but also pollutes the pattern of the package itself. For example, in areas such as petrochemical enterprises, the chemical changes between the atmospheric sulphuric acid gas and the packaging printing ink will cause discoloration

5. Friction resistance is also an aspect of protection. Due to bumping during transportation, the goods jump or rotate in the package, which will cause surface friction and make the trademark or other marks unclear, especially when convex patterns or bronzed words are used, this damage is more serious, so various lining structures should be used to fix or separate the goods to reduce friction

6. pay attention to the climate differences between export manufacturers and foreign target markets and regions along the way, as well as seasonal temperature and humidity changes. If the packaging materials can not adapt to these changes, the packaging and its contents will suffer from dry cracks, damage, quality degradation, rust and other losses

7. light will not only discolor the printing surface, but also cause the loss of food spoilage and taste, and drug failure. Therefore, light resistant ink can be used to prevent the pattern color change of packaging, and shading materials such as metal, aluminum foil, colored glass, colored plastic and opaque paper can be used to prevent the deterioration of the contents caused by light

8. The protective functions of packaging also include rust prevention, moisture prevention and theft prevention. In terms of pest prevention, mold prevention, fragrance preservation, sterilization, heat or cold resistance, water resistance, etc., different protection functions should be designed according to the nature, shape, function of exported goods and different factors related to the marketing environment at home and abroad (including foreign laws and regulations on packaging). Relevant details will be discussed in the following chapters

(II) convenience function

1. Convenient production. For mass-produced export products, the first consideration is of course the marketability, but we should also take into account the resource capacity and production costs of export manufacturers, so that the two can be organically coordinated. For example, a carton structure is beautifully designed and has strong shelf impact, but if it is unable or difficult to carry out assembly line production, it will also cause trouble for production

2. Convenient for loading. There should be a proper gap between the export packaging container and the commodity. Because there is a certain size deviation between the two, the action of the packaging machine also has a certain amount of deviation. If there is no gap between them, the packaging operation cannot be carried out. If you use manual packing, there will be no gap, which will lead to a decline in production efficiency. For the design of the structure of bottles and cans, the convenience of filling should also be considered

3. Convenient storage and transportation. The weight and volume of each packaging container should be suitable for its transportation characteristics (including truck trunk, container size, etc.), the requirements of stacking and handling in the transportation process at home and abroad, and the relevant foreign regulations that break the long-term monopoly pattern of foreign competitors, so as to reduce losses, avoid waste, and improve transportation capacity and economic benefits. For example, the packaging design must make the packaging size suitable for the selected stacking method and the maximum effective height of storage. For another example, Chile stipulates that each bag of grain shall not exceed 80 kg. If it meets the regulations, it shall be lifted by hand, if it exceeds the regulations, it shall be lifted by iron hook. Syria stipulates that the net weight of each oil product shall not exceed 10 kg; Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Britain: according to the national regulations, cartons should be 10-20 kg, because cartons are too small, easy to steal, more than 20 kg but difficult to handle. In addition, liner companies in various countries charge surcharges for extra long and overweight goods. Many countries set different tax rates on the weight of each package of different commodities

in packaging design, in order to facilitate loading and unloading, attention should be paid to the application of ergonomic principles. Manual loading and unloading, in terms of weight, the general unit packaging weight is limited to about 20 kg; In case of continuous loading and unloading, the weight of the loaded and unloaded goods should generally not exceed 40% of the worker's weight, and the volume is too large, so it is not suitable for handling. Mechanical loading and unloading should consider the weight and volume, as well as the coordination between lifting tools and packages

4. Convenient for display and sales. This is an important means of promotion. There are many successful examples in both structural modeling and costume design. For example, hanging packaging and stacking packaging can make full use of the space of supermarkets and save storage space; Window opening, unfolding, supporting packaging, series packaging, group packaging, and various portable portable packaging are all good forms for convenient sales

5. Easy to open. The transportation packaging should be convenient for retailers to open, and the sales packaging should be convenient for consumers to open. Such as transport packaging cartons or sales cartons with sewing thread openings, cartons sealed with adhesive tape, cellophane packaging opened with tear tapes, cans and beverage packaging with opening devices, etc. are all convenient to open

6. Easy to use. Convenient use refers to the description and structure and form of convenient use. The former refers to conveying the methods and precautions of using a product to consumers in concise language or graphics; The structure and form of the latter are convenient for consumption, such as various metal spray containers and containers that can spray the contents without opening the cover, such as salt, pepper, mustard, salad sauce, etc.: handles of various containers for daily use designed by using ergonomic principles; Flexible packaging for one person or packaging for 2 or 3 people are examples of convenient use

7. Easy to handle. Convenient handling refers to the function that some packages have repetition but their performance can only be used by computer servo system operation. For example, the turnover boxes of various materials, glass beverage turnover bottles, etc., and for example, some inner packages can become a household furnishing after opening or using their contents, which can be used for multiple purposes. This kind of reusable packaging has certain significance for cost saving, environmental protection and resource saving. Waste packaging has posed a serious threat to environmental protection, so the disposal of waste packaging should be considered in packaging design, which is also an important aspect to meet the consumer psychology of foreign customers, especially those in industrialized countries. If possible, try to use delicious or degradable packaging materials

(III) information transmission function of export commodities

packaging is an important tool to reflect the sales strategy of export commodities. Therefore, the packaging design must be "harmonious" with the purchase motivation of foreign target customers and cause "resonance". In terms of function, packaging is not only a silent salesman, but also an advertising tool, that is, an important medium to convey commodity information and require non-magnetic materials. It is responsible for conveying the brand, nature, composition, capacity, use method, production unit and other functions of commodities. Excellent export commodity packaging should be a magnifying glass of commodity characteristics. It can quickly identify the target customers in different shopping occasions and competitive products of the same or different types by means of visual communication such as trademark, container shape, costume image, color, text and so on. In many cases, consumers stay in front of each commodity for about a few seconds. In supermarkets in the United States, there are generally more than 8000 kinds of commodities on display, while the average shopping time of women is only 30-35 minutes. Therefore, it is particularly required that the packaging has a strong shelf impact that targets the target customers and shows their unique style